Study of the environmental health aspects of swimming pools in Alexandria city

There has been a rapid increase in the number of public as well as Private swimming pools in recent years. This is because the general public is now much more health and fitness-oriented and swimming is thought by many to be the perfect form of exercise Assessment of the environmental and health aspects of some of Alexandria swimming pools was carried out through the present study. All the recorded temperatures during the Present Study agreed with the Infectious Diseases Regulations. As regards turbidity, although the annual mean Values of most Pools had shown compliance with the allowable limit of the decree, there were many violations of the limit values in some individual results recorded during the different months. Most of the residual chlorine results recorded at the different Pools during the different months Showed that the operators were adding the Cl2 in a haphazard way. The low pH values could be attributed to the addition of Slug doses of Cl2 which hydrolyze Producing high concentrations of hydrochloric and hydrochlorous acids. The high Incidence of recorded itching and redness of the eyes followed by ear infections was attributed to the exposure to excess chlorine, and to the presence of pathogenic microorganisms As regards the awareness and practice to pool hygienic instructions, the low percentage of swimmers using head caps during Swimming [30.1%] Was mainly comprised of females It could be concluded that the majority of the users followed some of the hygienic instructions, like showering, washing the feet before entering the pool, and wearing bathing suites instead of private clothes. The frequencies of health problems observed among users were related to many factors, like age, marital status, occupation, frequency, and duration of use of the swimming pool

Failure of intramedullary nails

The incidence of broken I.M.N. is increasing, so that a detailed study of this problem must be made, to discus the responsible factors leading to it. Forty patients with broken I.M.N. were reviewed and evaluated to discover the contributing factors. It was proved that there are many factors responsible: As with bad technique, improper nail and the state of healing at the fracture site. All these factors and others were discussed in this study

Free patellar graft reconstruction of femoral or tibial condyle after tumour resection

Free autogenous patellar graft was used to replace femoral or tibial condyle in twelve cases. We followed the sample technique described by Campanacci et al., [1985]. In 8 cases [out of 12], the result was satisfactory. Two cases showed non-union and instability of the knee [unsatisfactory] and two cases ended by amputation due to focal recurrence of osteosarcoma

Treatment of valgus foot by Batchelor-Grice subtalar arthrodesis

Several techniques were used to overcome the problems of the Grice technique in treating valgus foot. We used a combined Batchelor-Grice pocedures to arthrodese 36 valgus foot after poliomyelitis in children. The results were satisfactory in 31 of the 36 feets. The satisfactory results necessitate: good fibular graft, with preservation of the periosteal tube and prolonged immobilization in above knee plaster for 12 weeks

Flowering, tuberization and carbohydrate metabolism of gladiolus as affected by gibberellic acid and chlormequat

Soaking gladiolus corms in 25 ppm gibberellic acid and 10000 ppm chlormequat induced earlier blooming of gladiolus. Soaking the cormels in the two growth substances increased the levels of carbohydrate fractions of both overground and underground organs and also yielded heavier corms. Spraying both growth regulators before flowering [4-5 leaf-old-plants] induced earlier flowering and enhanced corm and cormel formation. Spraying the plants at this stage with GA, yielded taller spikes with more number of flowers per spike, however, spraying after flower cut with both substances yielded heavier corms and cormels, CCC was superior to GA3. GA3 increased carbohydrate contents of both leaves and spikes while both growth regulators sprayed before or after flowering increased different carbohydrate fractions in corms and cormels